Anatomy and Physiology

Knocked knees = knees touch ankles apart X inward, bowed legs = ankles touch knees apart O outward. Under 2 bowed normal, 3-4 knocked normal, after 7 should straighten. Cause uneven growth plate - rickets low vitamin D calcium, Blount, fracture, obesity, adult arthritis wear.

It gives knee hip pain, waddle gait, shoes wear one side, pressure 5x leading to early arthritis before 40. Fix vitamin D sunlight calcium healthy weight physio, kids 8-plate guided growth, adults brace wedge insole, if >15 degrees osteotomy straightens.

Low blood pressure is not always healthy 🩺 Below 90/60 brain gets less blood you feel dizzy faint like low water pump. Types orthostatic standing quick postprandial after eating long standing faint. Causes dehydration blood loss heart weak hormones thyroid adrenal meds. Signs dizzy blurry fatigue cold clammy fast breath nausea 🤕 Danger fall fracture shock. Worsened hot shower standing fast large carb meal alcohol. First aid lie down legs raised drink water salt tighten legs stand slow. Daily 3L water extra salt if doctor ok small low carb meals compression socks avoid heat alcohol. When to see doctor frequent faint chest pain breath blood stool fever. Does standing make you dizzy? 👇

Cataract is cloudy lens inside eye not film outside 👁️ Lens protein clumps with age sun smoking sugar steroids lens turns white yellow light scatters vision blurry dim like foggy window glare at night colors fade need more light. Not phone alone not contagious. Only fix surgery small cut cloudy out clear artificial lens in 10 minutes awake next day clear no drops cure 💡 Slow it sunglasses UV no smoking control sugar greens lutein eye check. Have you seen white lens in elderly? 👇

Child stuttering is not copying or bad parenting 🧠 It is brain timing delay age 2-6 when language grows faster than speech motor circuit can keep up 60% genetic. Signs b-b-b-ball repetitions ssss prolongations blocks no sound with tension face 😢 Not from fright or low IQ. Fear makes it worse brain loop tightens throat more. Help — do not finish sentence do not say speak fast listen patient slow your speech give time ⏳ Early therapy Lidcombe easy onset light contact works best before 5. Confidence protects speech. Does your kid repeat words? 👇

Frostbite is not just cold ❄️ Real ice crystals form INSIDE your skin, blood stops, fingers turn white waxy then black 😱 Body saves heart and brain, cuts blood to fingers toes nose ears. First pins and needles then numb no pain = worse. Never rub snow or use hot water. Warm slowly 37-39C 30 mins, loose cover, go ER if black blisters. Layers, dry mittens, waterproof boots best prevention. Have you felt fingers go white in cold? Comment 👇