Healthy Hub NG

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ECTOPIC (EXTRAUTERINE) PREGNANCY

The word ‘Ectopic’ simply means ‘Misplaced’.

An Ectopic Pregnancy now simply means a pregnancy which is not in the womb ( uterus), The uterus is the normal site for a fertilized egg to grow and mature, also called extrauterine pregnancy, is when a fertilized egg grows outside a woman’s uterus, somewhere else in their belly but not the uterus.

An Ectopic Pregnancy is rare and occurs in about 11 in 1,000 pregnancies.

Signs and Symptoms
It happens within the first few weeks of pregnancy and you may not even notice you are pregnant.

Some signs include

Light vaginal bleeding 🩸

Stomach upset and vomiting

Abdominal cramps

Pain in the shoulder, neck or re**um

Weakness and dizziness

Causes of Ectopic Pregnancy

* A Damaged Fallopian tube which could keep the fertilized egg from getting to the uterus

Some risk factors include:

* Have pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
* Smoke ci******es
*Are older than 35
*Have a s*xually transmitted infection
*Have scarring from pelvic surgery
*Had a previous ectopic pregnancy
*Tried to have tubal ligation (tubes tied) or tubal ligation reversal
*Use fertility drugs
*Had fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Treatment

Because a fertilized egg can’t survive outside a uterus, your doctor will need to take it out so you don’t have serious health problems or damage the other organs.
They’ll use one of two methods: medication or surgery. Contact your doctor if you feel or suspect this condition.

Tavershima Ioron, Bpharm (inview)

Healthy Hub NG

SQUINT

A Condition in which the eyes do not align properly, the eyes may turn inwards, outwards, downwards, Upwards.

Causes
* It occurs mostly when the muscles(extra ocular) controlling the eyes and eyelids are not working properly
* Congenital ( A person can be born with it)

* Hereditary

* Eye defects Long sightedness, Astigmatism etc

* Due to lesion in the cranial nerve

Signs and Symptoms

Most of squint cases are very obvious, one of the eyes does not look straight ahead.

Treatment

*The younger the patient is, the more effective treatment is likely to be.

*Use of glasses

*Botulinum toxin Injection

*Eye drops / eye exercise.

Healthy Hub NG

Postinor 2 ( Levornogestrel 0.75mg), it’s Toxicity

Postinor 2 is an emergency contraceptive only not intended as regular method of contraception.

Indications at recommended dose regimen
It is used to prevent pregnancy when taken within 72 hours of unprotected in*******se

High Doses
Induces significant modifications of blood clotting factors, Lipid and Carbohydrates metabolism.
Virilisation of female fetuses at high doses
Nausea
Withdrawal bleeding
It has a possibility of ectopic pregnancy

Management
There is no specific antidote and treatment should be symptomatic.

Healthy Hub NG

Ribavirin and it’s toxicity

Ribavirin is an antiviral medication that is used to treat chronic hepatitis C.
Ribavirin is not effective when used alone. ribavirin must be used in combination with interferon alfa or peginterferon alfa.
Ribavirin is sometimes given to people taking other antiviral medications to treat hepatitis C.
Ribavirin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide e.g Treatment of Lassa fever.

> 3g a day is toxic to the body.

Ribavirin can harm an unborn baby if the mother or the father is using this medicine. Do not use if you are pregnant, or if you are a man whose s*x partner is pregnant. Both men and women should use effective birth control while taking ribavirin and for at least 6 months after the last dose.
Ribavirin is not effective when used alone and must be used in combination with an interferon.
In rare cases, ribavirin can cause fatal heart problems.

INSOMNIA
Refers to different types of sleep disorders, it is very common to man. Sleep disorders include- 1. Difficulty in falling asleep 2. Frequent waking up during the night and 3. Remaining disturbed after a period of sleep.

So many factors cause Insomnia ranging from withdrawal syndrome, Mental health disorders, poor sleeping habits, Physical illness etc..

Insomnia is treated by managing the underlying conditions.

Tamsulosin HCL

is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate), bladder outlet obstruction and kidney stones.

It comes in 0.4mg capsules, and to be taken one daily

A dose of 1.6mg daily has adverse effects which include:

* An er****on that is painful
* Abnormal ej*******on,
* Decreased amount of semen,
* Dizziness ,
* Drowsiness ,
* Weakness
*. Etc…

The above symptoms are treatable, the first line action is to follow the dose instructions as given by the medical professional.

Tamsulosin HCL and It’s Toxic dose

is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate), bladder outlet obstruction and kidney stones.

It comes in 0.4mg capsules, and to be taken one daily

A dose of 1.6mg daily has adverse effects which include:

* An er****on that is painful
* Abnormal ej*******on,
* Decreased amount of semen,
* Dizziness ,
* Drowsiness ,
* Weakness
*. Etc…

The above symptoms are treatable, the first line action is to follow the dose instructions as given by the medical professional.

MISOPROSTOL AND ITS TOXICITY

Misoprostol is indicated for the healing of duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer including those induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in arthritic patients at risk, whilst continuing their NSAID therapy. In addition, Misoprostol can be used for the prophylaxis of NSAID-induced ulcers and can be used to induce uterine contractions.

The exact toxic dose of misoprostol is yet to be determined in Humans, but greater than 1000micrograms daily shows adverse effects in relation to body weight

Misoprostol induces uterine contractions and is associated with abortion, premature birth, foetal death and foetal malformations. Other toxic effects include: Vaginal bleeding, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, diarrhea, uterine rupture etc.

MISOPROSTOL AND ITS TOXICITY

Misoprostol is indicated for the healing of duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer including those induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in arthritic patients at risk, whilst continuing their NSAID therapy. In addition, Misoprostol can be used for the prophylaxis of NSAID-induced ulcers and can be used to induce uterine contractions.

The exact toxic dose of misoprostol is yet to be determined in Humans, but greater than 1000micrograms daily shows adverse effects in relation to body weight

Misoprostol induces uterine contractions and is associated with abortion, premature birth, foetal death and foetal malformations. Other toxic effects include: Vaginal bleeding, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, diarrhea, uterine rupture etc.

DICLOFENAC AND ITS TOXICITY

DICLOFENAC is a prescription medicine used to relieve pain and swelling.

DICLOFENAC is a drug that menstruators and others use most often and they are tendencies of abuse and then toxicity

DICLOFENAC is toxic at a dose more than normal or recommended amount. An amount more than > 300mg- large amounts daily may be toxic according to body weight.