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Diabetes Insipidus vs. Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high levels of sugar in the blood while diabetes insipidus is a disease where kidneys are unable to conserve water. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease while diabetes mellitus is very common; "diabetes" in general usage refers to diabetes mellitus, which is of 3 types — gestational, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

The causes, symptoms, treatment and prognosis for diabetes insipidus are different from diabetes mellitus.

Causes and Types

Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes insipidus, or DI, is characterized by the inability of kidneys to conserve water when they purify blood. This can be either because of:

a deficiency of ADH (antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin), or
a failure of the kidneys to respond to ADH
In the first case, the condition is called central DI, and in the second case it is called nephrogenic DI. Central DI is the more common form of the disease.

Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is also closely related to a hormone — insulin. It is caused by either a deficiency of insulin or a resistance to insulin, or both. Several populations - such as Indians and African Americans - have a higher genetic predisposition to diabetes. This is compounded by lifestyle, lack of exercise, obesity and diet.

There are three types of diabetes mellitus:

Type 1 Diabetes can occur at any age but is most common in children and young adults. It is characterized by insulin deficiency in the body.
Type 2 Diabetes is the most common form of diabetes in the world. It is characterized by
Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that develops at any time during pregnancy in a woman who does not have diabetes.

BE CAREFUL ABOUT YOUR BLOOD SUGAR

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