Fcps Made Guide By Dr NP

Practice Test_05
Unit:Respiratory System
Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP

Practice Test_04
Unit:GIT
SUCCESSFULLY CONDUCTED AS PER SCHEDULE
FREE OF COST

*Most important Question regarding Heart :*
*Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP*
1. Max Ventricle Filled -- Atrial Systole

2. Max Ventricle Filling -- Rapid Filling
3. Third heart sound due to: Rapid Ventricular filling
4. First heart sound due to : Closure of AV valve
5. In Second degree heart block : Ventricular rate less than atrial rate

*Structure Damaged in penetrating injury to chest*
*Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP*

1. 4th intercostal space to the left of sternum: *intercostal membrane*
2. 5th intercostal space to the left of sternum: *intercostal muscles*
3. 6th intercostal space to the right of sternum: *right atrium*

```Most important Mcqs Points:```
*Oxygen level differences :*
*Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP*

1. Highest PO2 in : *pulmonary capillaries*

2. Lowest PO2 in : *umbilical artery*

3. Highest venous oxygen saturation: *Renal vein*

4. Highest oxygen tension present in : *pulmonary capillaries*

5. Less in fetus then mother : *PCO2*

6. Oxygen is taken up to Lungs through: *simple diffusion*

7. Lowest oxygen level in : **SVC*

8 . Po2 at sea level in normal adults: *97%*

```Most important Mcqs Points:```

```Most important for upcoming November exam:```

*Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP*

1. Injury above the pons : *regular Breathing*

2. Injury below medulla : *breathing cease or stop ( phrenic nerve Cut)*

3. Injury below pneumotaxic centre: *sustained inspiration apneusis with vegal cut*

4. Injury below apnaustic centre: *gasping type irregular respiration*

**Most important Mcqs Points:*

~For upcoming November exam:~
*Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP*
1. Bronchitis: *blue bloater*

2. Emphysema: *pink puffer*

3. Silicosis: *egg shell calcification*

4. Bronchial asthma: *cruschmann's spiral & Charcoal lyden Chrystal*

5. Asbestosis : *ferruginous bodies & Ivory White calcified*

6. Sarcoidosis: *non caseating granuloma on biopsy & shaumann Bodies & asteroid Bodies*

7. Interstitial fibrosis: *Honey comb appearance on X_ray*

******ACID BASE BALANCE DISORDER******
# # BCQS SOLVING TIPS # #

# # # # # Normal values # # # # # #
pH ... 7.35-7.45
pCO2... 35-45 mmHg (40 )
HCO3- ... 22-26 mEq/L (24 )

BUT
for solving BCQS REMEMBER

1.....pH 7.4
2.....pCO2 .. 40 mmHg
( high level means more than 40 mmHg and low level means less than 40 mmHg)
3.....HCO3- ... 24 mEq/L
( high level means more than 24 mEq/L and low level means less than 24 mEq/L)

1»»»» FIRST TIP

Look at pH first
if low then it is acidosis, if high then it is alkalosis.

2»»»» SECOND TIP

Decide either it is respiratory or metabolic.
A »»» If primary disturbance in pCO2 level..
Then it is respiratory...
Eg
if pCO2 is raised it is respiratory acidosis and if pCO2 is low it is respiratory alkalosis..
HCO3 level disturbance shows metabolic prob
B»»» if primary disturbance is in HCO3 level
Then it is metabolic..
Eg.
If HCO3 level is low it is metabolic acidosis and if HCO3 level is high it is metabolic alkalosis.

3»»»» THIRD TIP

Decide either it is compensated or uncompensated.
Eg.
A»» if primary problem is in pCO2 level
BUT
HCO3 level and pH are in normal OR near to normal range,
THEN it is compensated
B»» if primary problem is in pCO2 level
BUT
HCO3 level and pH are NOT in normal OR near to normal range,
THEN it is uncompensated

4»»»» FOURTH TIP

YOU can also assess primary disturbance....
By the history of the case..
A»»» if primary problem in respiratory system, lungs or chest , it wil be respiratory acidosis / alkalosis
B»»» if primary problem in other than lungs, i.e fever,diarhea,diabetes,exercise etc , it wil be metabolic acidosis / alkalosis..

Important Post For Microbiology.
Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP
One Word Revision Notes.

Ascetic tap - E.coli
Peritonitis - E.coli.
Pyogenic peritonitis - Bacteroids.
Puerperal sepsis - Bacteroids.
P.O abdominal and gynaecological infection - Bacteroids.
Abscess - S.Aureus.
Acute osteomyelitis - S.Aureus.
Toxic shock syndrome - S.Aureus.
Wound infection - S.Aureus > Pseudomona.
Hospital acquired pneumonia - S.Aureus.
Septic meningitis - Streptococcus.
Initiation of dental caries - Streptococcus.
Pyogenic lung abscess + Meningitis - Staphylococcus.
Subacute bacterial endocarditis - S.viridians.
Prosthetic valve endocarditis - S.epidermidis.
Cellulitis - S.pyogenes.
Multiple draining sinuses - Actinomyces.
IUCD infection - Actinomycosis.
Trachoma - Chlamydia.
Pelvic inflammatory disease - Chlamydia.
Lymphogranuloma venereum - Chlamydia.
Pseudomembranous colitis - C.Difficile.
Gas gangrene - C.Perfringes / C.Welchii.
Fatal diarrhea - V.Cholrea.
Tubulo ovarian cyst - Gonococcus.
Abscess - S.Aureus.
Acute osteomyelitis - S.Aureus.
Toxic shock syndrome - S.Aureus.
Wound infection - S.A
Valvular itching + Pink purulent discharge - Trichomanas vaginilis.
Infection in post liver transplant patient - CMV.
Chorioretinitis in AIDS - CMV.
Bronchogenic carcinoma - CMV.
Herpangia - Coxsakie virus.
Hand foot and mouth disease - Coxsakie virus
Lymphoma in AIDS - EBV.
Burkitt lymphoma - EBV.
Non hodgkin lymphoma - EBV.
Hairy tongue - EBV.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - EBV.
Infectious mononucleosis - EBV.
Kaposi sarcoma - HHV8.
Cervical cancer - HPV 16.
Vulval papules - HSV.
Meningo-encephalitis - Echovirus.
Meningitis in AIDS - Cryptococcus neoformans.
Black water fever - Plasmodium falciparum.
Cysticercosis - Taenia solium.
Cyst in liver - Teania echinococcus.
SCC of bladder - Schistosomiasis.
Cholangio carcinoma - Clonorchis Sinensis.
Migratory lesion of foot - Cutaneous larva migrans.
Toxoplasmosis - Cat

Schedule_for upcoming Practice Tests
Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP

*Most Important Mcqs :*
~For upcoming November exam:~
```Fcps_Made_Guide_By_Dr_NP```

• Vertebral Bodies Limited by_ *Anterior and Posterior Longitudinal Ligament*

• Vertebral Bodies kept in position by_ *Anterior and Posterior Longitudinal Ligament*

• Vertebrae joined to Adjacent Lamina_ *Ligament Flavum*

• Hyperextension of neck Ligament Injured _ *Anterior Longitudinal Ligament*

• Hyper flexion of neck Ligament Injured _ *Ligament Nuche*