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Paradoxically, Pentium flaw, Intel's reaction to it, and Intel's media coverage of the issue changed Intel's name from one known only to professionals to a well-known word. In the wake of the Intel Inside advertising campaign, this episode is considered positive by some for Intel, as it made her care more about the end user and provide greater public awareness, avoiding (for most users) a lasting negative impression.

In June 1994, Intel engineers found a bug in floating-point operations on Pentium processors. Under certain circumstances, the lower byte of the result of the fraction of two numbers with a floating point was incorrect, which can cause significant errors in subsequent calculations. Intel decided to correct the error in the following chips and did not publish it.
In October 1994, Dr. Thomas Nysley, a professor of mathematics at Lynchberg College, discovered the error on his own, and because he did not receive a response to Intel's request, he published a report on the Internet on October 30 ([1]). Information about the bug quickly spread through the network and went to the press. Because the error could be easily detected by the average user (there was a sequence of numbers that had to be entered into a Microsoft calculator to see an incorrect calculation), Intel's claims that the error was insignificant and "not even a typo" were not accepted by many computer users. users. On Thanksgiving Day 1994, the New York Times published an article by journalist John Marcoff that drew public attention to the mistake. Intel changed its position and offered to replace each problem chip. It cost Intel $ 500 million in losses in 1994.

In 1993, the Santa Clara development team took the next step in developing the x86 architecture with a processor codenamed "P7". The first attempts were abandoned a year later, but were quickly resumed in collaboration with Hewlett-Packard engineers, although Intel quickly took most of the responsibility for the development. The result of work on the 64-bit architecture was the Itanium processor, which was introduced in June 2001. The speed of Itanium with x86 architecture code did not reach the expected level, and from the beginning it could not compete with 64-bit extensions to conventional x86 processors architectures that first appeared in AMD (AMD64). Intel continues to develop the Itanium and IA-64 platforms.

Intel introduced 486 microprocessors in 1989, and in 1990 formally approved a second team of engineers to design processors codenamed "P5" and "P6" in parallel, and proposed new processors every two years, even though processors took more than four years to develop. . The P5 was introduced in 1993 as the Intel Pentium, replacing the old numbers with a trademark name (numbers such as 486 cannot be trademarks). The P6 was released in 1995 as the Pentium Pro, an improved version of the Pentium II in 1997. New architectures were developed in Santa Clara, California, Hillsboro, Oregon, and Haifa, Israel.

During this time, Grove abruptly left the company, before closing down most of its DRAM business and focusing on the microprocessor market. Perhaps the most important decision was to be the sole manufacturer of 386 microprocessors. Prior to that, the production of microprocessors was in its infancy, and various production problems often reduced production or even stopped it, interrupting deliveries to customers. In order to reduce the risk, these companies insisted that they use the diversification of producers for continuous supply. The 8080 and 8086 series processors were manufactured by several companies, including Zilog and AMD. Grove decided not to sell the 386-processor license to other manufacturers, but instead introduced production at three retail plants in Santa Clara (CA), Hillsboro (OR), and Phoenix (AZ), assuring customers that it would supply processors. When the success of the Compaq Deskpro 386 computer established the 386 processor as the best choice among processors, Intel gained the position of an almost exclusive leader as its supplier. The profits from this rapid development due to the architecture and great production capabilities of this then-developed processor made Intel the undisputed market leader until the early 1990s.

The company's first products were random access memory chips. Intel became a leader in the fierce competition of the DRAM, SRAM, and ROM markets during the 1970s. A team of Intel engineers, led by Martian Goff, Federico Faggin and Stanley Mazor, and Busicom engineer Masatoshi Shima, developed the first Intel 4004 single-chip microprocessor (launched on November 15, 1971). The initial task of the microprocessor project was to develop an integrated circuit to replace many specialized integrated circuits in Busicom calculators.
Microprocessors did not become the backbone of Intel's business until the mid-1980s. (Note: Intel is often mentioned along with Texas Instruments because of the almost simultaneous invention of the microprocessor.)

Intel has gone through several separate stages of development. Initially, it was known for its own transistors, and its main product was a static memory chip (SRAM). Intel grew during the 1970s, developing and improving the production process and increasing the number of products, while remaining a leader in memory production. When Intel created the first microprocessor in 1971, its main product gradually became the Dynamic RAM (DRAM) chip. However, growing competition with Japanese transistor manufacturers in 1983 led to a sharp drop in market profitability. Then the unexpected success of the IBM personal computer convinced the then head of Grove to switch to microprocessors and change the fundamentals of the business model. In the late 1980s, the solution proved effective, and Intel gained a 10-year period of unprecedented growth as a leading (and most profitable) supplier of computer components. After 2000, growth due to the production of advanced microprocessors slowed down, and competitors regained a significant share of the market, which reduced Intel's dominant position. In the early 2000s, then-chairman Craig Barrett tried to expand the company's business interests beyond semiconductors, but only a few of these areas eventually succeeded. In 2005 and 2006, current CEO Paul Ottellini reorganized the company, focusing on the CPU core and announcing a series of drastic reductions in the workforce that would ultimately reduce the company's size by about 10%.

In September 2006, Intel had approximately 100,000 employees and 200 subsidiaries worldwide. Its revenue in 2005 was $ 38.8 million.

In 2015, Intel acquired Altera, which it bought for $ 16.7 billion

Intel was founded in 1968 by Gordon Moore (chemist and physicist) and Robert Neuss (physicist and co-inventor of integrated circuits) when they both left Fairchild Semiconductor. Intel's rival, AMD, was founded by members of the Treacherous Eight, who also left Fairchild Semiconductor, but in 1969. Andy Grove (a chemical engineer) became Intel's fourth employee, running the company throughout the 1980s and on the rise in the 1990s. Grove is now mentioned as a key business leader and strategist. In the late 1990s, Intel was one of the largest and most successful companies in the world, although fierce competition in the semiconductor industry has not diminished since then.

Intel was the developer of SRAM (static) and DRAM (dynamic) memory chips, which ensured its leading position in business in the early 1980s. Only after the creation of the first commercial microprocessor in 1971 for a personal computer, Intel determined the main direction of its activities. During the 1990s, the company spent a lot of money on developing a new microprocessor and accelerating the development of the computer industry. During this period, Intel became a de facto monopoly supplier of microprocessors for PCs, and was known both for its aggressive tactics in defending its market position and for fighting Microsoft for control over the development of the entire computer industry.

Intel Corporation is the world's largest manufacturer of semiconductor components and devices, best known as the developer and manufacturer of x86-series microprocessors, processors for IBM-compatible personal computers.
Founded in 1968 as Integrated Electronics, it is located in Santa Clara, USA. Intel also manufactures processors for embedded systems and other devices related to communications and the latest technologies. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore, it was initially known only to engineers and technologists, but a successful Intel Inside advertising campaign in the 1990s made it and its Pentium processors virtually commonplace.