Health Through Water

Kill bacteria and viruses without harmful chemicals. Highly oxidizing 2.5 pH water produced through electrolysis will kill MRSA, E-COLI, SALMONELLA and many others. Uses include wound care, surface disinfection, safer alternative to hand sanitizer etc.

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Related Articles

Effects of Molecular Hydrogen on Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity and Spatial Memory Impairment.

Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:823

Authors: Wen D, Hui R, Wang J, Shen X, Xie B, Gong M, Yu F, Cong B, Ma C

Abstract

Methamphetamine (M**H) is a highly addictive stimulant, and M**H exposure can induce irreversible neuronal damage and cause neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders. The ever-increasing levels of M**H abuse worldwide have necessitated the identification of effective intervention strategies to protect the brain against M**H-induced neurotoxicity. The protective effects of molecular hydrogen on oxidative stress and related neurodegenerative diseases have been recently elucidated. Herein, we investigated whether treatment with molecular hydrogen ameliorated the M**H-induced neurotoxicity and spatial learning and memory impairments. Male C57BL/6 mice received four intraperitoneal M**H injections (10 mg/kg, 3-h interval), and stereotypic behaviors and hyperthermia were observed. After M**H treatment and behavioral observation, the mice were returned to their home cages, where they received water or hydrogen-rich water (HRW) ad libitum for 7 days. We found that the molecular hydrogen delivered by ad libitum HRW consumption significantly inhibited the M**H-induced spatial learning impairment and memory loss evidenced in the Barnes maze and Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, molecular hydrogen significantly restrained the neuronal damage in the hippocampus after high-dose M**H exposure. Ad libitum HRW consumption also had an inhibitory effect on the M**H-induced increase in the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, glucose-related protein 78 (GRP 78), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and p-NF-kB p65 expression and elevation of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the hippocampus. These are the first findings to indicate that hydrogen might ameliorate M**H-induced neurotoxicity and has a potential application in reducing the risk of neurodegeneration frequently observed in M**H abusers.

PMID: 31396089 [PubMed]

Effects of Molecular Hydrogen on Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity and Spatial Memory Impairment. - PubMed - NCBI Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jul 23;10:823. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00823. eCollection 2019.

Related Articles

Intake of Molecular Hydrogen in Drinking Water Increases Membrane Transporters, p-Glycoprotein, and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 without Affecting Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes in Rat Liver.

Molecules. 2019 Jul 19;24(14):

Authors: Yao HT, Yang YH, Li ML

Abstract

Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that may reduce the development and progression of many diseases. In this study, hydrogen-rich water (HRW) was obtained by reacting hybrid magnesium-carbon hydrogen storage materials with water. Then, the effects of intake of HRW on the activities of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, membrane transporters, and oxidative stress in rats were investigated. Rats were given HRW ad libitum for four weeks. The results showed that intake of HRW had no significant effect on the activities of various cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A1, 1A2, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E1, 3A, and 4A), glutathione-S-transferase, and Uridine 5'-diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase. Except for a mild lower plasma glucose concentration, intake of HRW had no effect on other plasma biochemical parameters in rats. p-Glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp) 2 protein expressions in liver were elevated after intake of HRW. However, HRW had no significant effects on glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, or lipid peroxidation in liver. The results from this study suggest that consumption of HRW may not affect xenobiotic metabolism or oxidative stress in liver. However, intake of HRW may increase the efflux of xenobiotics or toxic substances from the liver into bile by enhancing p-glycoprotein and Mrp2 protein expressions.

PMID: 31330936 [PubMed - in process]

Intake of Molecular Hydrogen in Drinking Water Increases Membrane Transporters, p-Glycoprotein, and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 witho... - PubMed - NCBI Molecules. 2019 Jul 19;24(14). pii: E2627. doi: 10.3390/molecules24142627.

[Protective effect of hydrogen-rich water on oxidative stress cell model and the impact of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B pathway].

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2019 Jun;31(6):762-767

Authors: Lu R, Liu Y, Wang D

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective effect of hydrogen-rich water on the oxidative stress injury of astrocytes in mice and its effect on phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signal pathway.

M**HODS: In vitro, mice astrocytes were cultured and the logarithmic growth period cells were taken for experiment. (1) Experiment one: some cells were acted by 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 20 minutes to determine the appropriate concentration required for astrocyte damage induced by H2O2; cultivating 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours with hydrogen-rich water of 25, 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L, respectively, to determine the concentration and time of hydrogen-rich water pretreatment; the 50 μmol/L hydrogen-rich water was cultured together with PI3K/Akt signal pathway inhibitors wortmannin (WM) 200 nmol/L or 400 nmol/L to determine the best inhibition concentration of wortmannin. Astrocyte activity was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetry. (2) Experiment two: some cells were divided into blank control group, H2O2 injury group, hydrogen-rich water pretreatment group (HW+H2O2 group), and co-culture of hydrogen-rich water and wortmannin pretreatment group (HW+WM+H2O2 group). The mRNA expressions of PI3K and Akt were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); the protein expressions of PI3K, Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were detected by Western Blot.

RESULTS: (1) Experiment one: the survival rate of the blank control group was 100%. Cell activity gradually decreased with the increase of H2O2 concentration, and the survival rate of the H2O2 action 20 minutes cells of 2.50 μmol/L was reduced to about 50%, so a cell injury model was established at this concentration. With the increase of hydrogen-rich water pretreatment concentration, and the duration of action, the cell survival rate increased first and then decreased. The cell survival rate was highest when 50 μmol/L hydrogen-rich water was pretreated with 9 hours, so a hydrogen-rich water pre-protection model was established. After 200 nmol/L or 400 nmol/L wortmannin was cultured together with hydrogen-rich water, cell activity was inhibited, and the cell survival rate of 200 nmol/L wortmannin group was no significantly different compared with that of H2O2 injury group, so the astrocyte suppression model was established. (2) Experiment two: compared with the blank control group, the mRNA expressions of PI3K and Akt and the protein expressions of PI3K, Akt and p-Akt were significantly decreased in the H2O2 injury group. Compared with the H2O2 injury group, the PI3K, Akt mRNA expressions and PI3K, Akt, p-Akt protein expressions were significantly increased in the HW+H2O2 group [PI3K mRNA (2-ΔΔCT): 0.843±0.019 vs. 0.631±0.038, Akt mRNA (2-ΔΔCT): 0.591±0.025 vs. 0.558±0.037, PI3K/β-actin: 1.277±0.008 vs. 0.757±0.004, Akt/β-actin: 1.308±0.015 vs. 0.682±0.006, p-Akt/β-actin: 1.210±0.005 vs. 0.614±0.005, all P < 0.05]. The mRNA expressions of PI3K, Akt in the HW+WM+H2O2 group was 0.784±0.159 and 0.556±0.037, respectively, and the protein expressions of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt was 0.715±0.006, 0.686±0.005, and 0.606±0.004, respectively, both were significantly lower than those in HW+H2O2 group (all P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference with H2O2 injury group (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Hydrogen-rich water activates the PI3K/Akt pathway, thereby mediates mice astrocytes to exert the biological function of antioxidant.

PMID: 31315738 [PubMed - in process]

[Protective effect of hydrogen-rich water on oxidative stress cell model and the impact of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B pathw... - PubMed - NCBI Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2019 Jun;31(6):762-767. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2019.06.020. English Abstract

Related Articles

Effects of hydrogen-rich water on the nutrient composition and antioxidative characteristics of sprouted black barley.

Food Chem. 2019 Jun 27;299:125095

Authors: Guan Q, Ding XW, Jiang R, Ouyang PL, Gui J, Feng L, Yang L, Song LH

Abstract

Hydrogen gas (H2), a multifunctional signaling molecule, has received increasing attention in recent years. In the present study, hydrogen-rich water (HRW) (2 ppm) was used for the processing of sprouted black barley (Hordeum distichum L.), and the results showed that the HRW treatment could significantly increase the germination rate and growth rate of black barley (P < 0.05). A chemical component analysis showed that in sprouted black barley, the HRW treatment could change the distribution of phytochemicals (e.g., the ionic strength of guanosine), increase the concentrations of free vanillic acid, coumaric acid, sinapic acid, conjugated sinapic acid, Ca and Fe and the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate, and decrease the protein, fat, starch and dietary fibre contents compared with the results obtained after treatment with ultra-pure water (P < 0.05). HRW can be used for the processing of sprouted grains to effectively increase their germination efficiency and concentrations of bioactive phytochemicals.

PMID: 31279124 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Effects of hydrogen-rich water on the nutrient composition and antioxidative characteristics of sprouted black barley. - PubMed - NCBI Food Chem. 2019 Jun 27;299:125095. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125095. [Epub ahead of print]

Related Articles

Effects of hydrogen-rich water bath on visceral fat and skin blotch, with boiling-resistant hydrogen bubbles.

Med Gas Res. 2019 Apr-Jun;9(2):68-73

Authors: Asada R, Saitoh Y, Miwa N

Abstract

Hydrogen-dissolved water has been shown to improve diverse oxidation stress-related diseases, which drove us to examine effects of hydrogen-rich water on oxidation stress-related skin troubles and lipid-metabolism markers. The purpose of this study is whether the dissolved hydrogen in hydrogen-rich water was kept even after boiling, and whether hydrogen-bath utilization improves cosmetic effects such as skin-blotch repression and the visceral-fat-based slimming effects. The subjects were two men and two women, aged 48, 43, 42, and 41 years (n = 4). They took warm (41°C) water bath of dissolved hydrogen 300-310 μg/L (< 10 μg/L for normal water) for 10-minute once daily for 1-6 months, followed by examination of skin blotch, visceral fat, and cholesterol and glucose metabolisms. The dissolved hydrogen concentration was measured after 15-minute boiling and the subsequent cooling naturally. The wide-ranging, dense, and irregularly shaped skin blotches became markedly smaller and thinner, assumedly through reductive bleaching of melanin and lipofuscin and promotion of dermal cell renewal by the hydrogen-rich warm water. Ultrasonic resonance-based analysis on the abdominal cross-section revealed that the visceral fat area decreased from 47 to 36 cm[2], and the abdominal circumference decreased from 91 to 82 cm, in the two female subjects bathing in hydrogen-water. After 6-month hydrogen-water bathing, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was decreased by 16.2% and the fasting blood glucose level increased by 13.6% in the blood of a female subject. Before boiling, the dissolved hydrogen and an oxidation-reduced potential were 300 μg/L and -115 mV, respectively. Dissolved hydrogen was retained at 300-175 μg/L and 200 μg/L, even 1-6 hours and 24 hours, respectively, after boiling. Therefore, a hydrogen-rich water-bath apparatus can electrolytically generate abundant boiling-resistant hydrogen bubbles, improving visceral fat and blotches on the skin. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Japanese Center for Anti-Aging Medical Sciences and that was officially authenticated by the Hiroshima Prefecture Government of Japan (approval number 15C1) in 2016.

PMID: 31249254 [PubMed - in process]

Effects of hydrogen-rich water bath on visceral fat and skin blotch, with boiling-resistant hydrogen bubbles. - PubMed - NCBI Med Gas Res. 2019 Apr-Jun;9(2):68-73. doi: 10.4103/2045-9912.260647.

Related Articles

A New Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Molecular Hydrogen Significantly Reduces the Effects of Oxidative Stress.

Molecules. 2019 May 31;24(11):

Authors: LeBaron TW, Kura B, Kalocayova B, Tribulova N, Slezak J

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Redox dysregulation and a dyshomeostasis of inflammation arise from, and result in, cellular aberrations and pathological conditions, which lead to cardiovascular diseases. Despite years of intensive research, there is still no safe and effective method for their prevention and treatment. Recently, molecular hydrogen has been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies on various diseases associated with oxidative and inflammatory stress such as radiation-induced heart disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial and brain infarction, storage of the heart, heart transplantation, etc. Hydrogen is primarily administered via inhalation, drinking hydrogen-rich water, or injection of hydrogen-rich saline. It favorably modulates signal transduction and gene expression resulting in suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, excess ROS production, and in the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant transcription factor. Although H2 appears to be an important biological molecule with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, the exact mechanisms of action remain elusive. There is no reported clinical toxicity; however, some data suggests that H2 has a mild hormetic-like effect, which likely mediate some of its benefits. The mechanistic data, coupled with the pre-clinical and clinical studies, suggest that H2 may be useful for ROS/inflammation-induced cardiotoxicity and other conditions.

PMID: 31159153 [PubMed - in process]

A New Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Molecular Hydrogen Significantly Reduces the Effects of Oxidative Stress. - PubMed - NCBI Molecules. 2019 May 31;24(11). pii: E2076. doi: 10.3390/molecules24112076. Review

Hydrogen gas alleviates toxic effects of cadmium in Brassica campestris seedlings through up-regulation of the antioxidant capacities: Possible involvement of nitric oxide.

Environ Pollut. 2019 Mar 25;251:45-55

Authors: Su N, Wu Q, Chen H, Huang Y, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Cui J

Abstract

Hydrogen gas (H2) has been shown as an important factor in plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of H2 and its interaction with nitric oxide (NO) on alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress in Brassica campestris seedlings were investigated. NO donor (SNP) or hydrogen-rich water (HRW) treatment showed a significant improvement in growth of Cd-stressed seedlings. Cd treatment upregulated both endogenous NO and H2 (36% and 66%, respectively), and the increase of H2 was prior to NO increase. When treated with NO scavenger (PTIO) or NO biosynthesis enzyme inhibitors (L-NAME and Gln), HRW-induced alleviation under Cd stress was prevented. Under Cd stress, HRW pretreatment significantly enhanced the NO accumulation, and together up-regulated the activity of NR (nitrate reductase) and expression of NR. HRW induced lower reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher AsA content, enhanced activity of POD (peroxidase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) in seedling roots were inhibited by PTIO, L-NAME and Gln. Through proteomic analysis, the level of 29 proteins were changed in response to H2 and NO-induced amelioration of Cd stress. Nearly half of them were involved in oxidation-reduction processes (about 20%) or antioxidant enzymes (approximately 20%). These results strongly indicate that in Cd-stressed seedlings, pretreatment with HRW induces the accumulation of H2 (biosynthesized or permeated), which further stimulates the biosynthesis of NO through the NR pathway. Finally, H2 and NO together enhance the antioxidant capabilities of seedlings in response to Cd toxicity.

PMID: 31071632 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Hydrogen gas alleviates toxic effects of cadmium in Brassica campestris seedlings through up-regulation of the antioxidant capacities: Possible inv... - PubMed - NCBI Environ Pollut. 2019 Mar 25;251:45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.094. [Epub ahead of print]

Effects of hydrogen-rich water in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease.

PLoS One. 2019;14(4):e0215766

Authors: Yamasaki M, Miyazono M, Yoshihara M, Suenaga A, Mizuta M, Fukuda M, Rikitake S, Ikeda Y

Abstract

Various factors are considered to be mechanisms of the increase in the sizes of cysts in patients with polycystic kidney disease. Vasopressin is one of the causes, and drinking large volumes of water shows an effect of suppressing an increase in cysts. On the other hand, it is known that hydrogen-rich water reduces oxidative stress and has a good effect on kidney injury. We examined whether drinking large volumes of hydrogen-rich water affected the increase in the sizes of cysts. Forty 5-week-old PCK rats were randomly assigned to four groups: C(Control), purified water; W(Water), water with sugar; H(Hydrogen), hydrogen-rich water; WH(Water+Hydrogen), hydrogen-rich water with sugar. They consumed water from 5 to 15 weeks of age. The intake of water in the groups in which sugar was added to the water (W, WH) significantly increased in comparison to C, but there was no significant change in the serum Creatinine concentration. The kidney weight per body weight in W was significantly decreased in comparison to C. The kidney weights in H and WH were significantly increased in comparison to W. There were no significant differences in the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the cysts to the whole area among the groups. This experiment showed that the effect of drinking large volumes of hydrogen-rich water was not significantly different from that of normal water, in terms of preventing an increase in the size of cysts in PCK rats. However, some papers acknowledge the influence of hydrogen water. Significant differences might become obvious if we change aspects such as the administration method or administration period.

PMID: 31013316 [PubMed - in process]

Effects of hydrogen-rich water in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease. - PubMed - NCBI PLoS One. 2019 Apr 23;14(4):e0215766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215766. eCollection 2019.

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Hydrogen-rich water reduces liver fat accumulation and improves liver enzyme profiles in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled pilot trial.

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2019 Apr 11;:

Authors: Korovljev D, Stajer V, Ostojic J, LeBaron TW, Ostojic SM

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: While non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common liver disease worldwide, its treatment remains elusive. Since metabolic impairment plays a major role in NAFLD pathogenesis, any pharmaceuticals, such as molecular hydrogen (H2), that advance lipid and glucose metabolism could be appropriate to tackle this complex condition. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of 28-day hydrogen-rich water intake on liver fat deposition, body composition and lab chemistry profiles in overweight patients suffering from mild-to-moderate NAFLD.

M**HODS: Twelve overweight outpatients with NAFLD (age 56.2 ± 10.0 years; body mass index 37.7 ± 5.3 kg/m2; 7 women and 5 men) voluntarily participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. All patients were allocated to receive either 1 L per day of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) or placebo water for 28 days. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID NCT03625362).

RESULTS: Dual-echo MRI revealed that HRW significantly reduced liver fat accumulation in individual liver regions-of-interest at 28-day follow-up, as compared to placebo administration (P < 0.05). Baseline liver fat content was reduced from 284.0 ± 118.1 mM to 256.5 ± 108.3 mM after hydrogen treatment at 28-day follow-up (percent change 2.9%; 95% CI from 0.5 to 5.5). Serum aspartate transaminase levels dropped by 10.0% (95% CI; from -23.2 to 3.4) after hydrogen treatment at 28-day follow-up. No significant differences were observed between treatment groups in either weight or body composition among participants.

CONCLUSIONS: Although preliminary, the results of this trial perhaps nominate HRW as an adjuvant treatment for mild-to-moderate NAFLD. These observations provide a rationale for further clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy of molecular hydrogen in NAFLD.

PMID: 30982748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Hydrogen-rich water reduces liver fat accumulation and improves liver enzyme profiles in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomi... - PubMed - NCBI Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2019 Apr 11. pii: S2210-7401(19)30085-3. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.03.008. [Epub ahead of print]